CLOVE BUDS OIL
What is Clove Buds oil?
Botanical name: Eugenia Cariophyllata
Olfactive description
Spicy, Clove, Eugenol, Intense, Warm, a little bit Woody, Powdery, Floral carnation , Fruity (eugenyl acetate), Earthy (caryophyllene).
Where it grows
Clove grows in madagascar and indonesia 🇮🇩 , sri lanka 🇱🇰 , zanzibar and india 🇮🇳
Method of extraction
The buds are harvested when they are red, then do a distillation when they become dark-brown.
How or when to use it
Use in orientals and woody compositions. Clove bud oil is frequently used in perfumes for its sweet and spicy note. but the largest part of all clove bud oil by far is used in flavor work. In perfumes, clove bud oil blends well with its derivatives; aceteugenol, methyl eugenol and isoeugenol, vanillin, “ethyl-vanillin”, etc. to form part of the well-known “carnation” base. In rose, honeysuckle and certain deep-sweet florals, clove bud oil lends a unique note of natural richness and body. The classic “rondeletia” perfume me is based upon the combination of clove and lavender oils. Modern variations include the use of lavandin, sage clary, bergamot, bay leaf oil, pimenta berry oil, etc. The oil blends excellently with ylang-ylang and cananga oils, and Oriental types of perfumes often contain significant amounts of clove bud oil.
Appereance
It is a colorless to yellow liquid.
Impact
Middle note or heart.
S. Arctander notes (1960’s):
Clove Bud Oil is water distilled (rarely steam distilled) from the dried flower buds of Eugenia Caryophyllata, a slender, medium-sized, tropical tree, originating in the Moluccas, particularly the island of Amboyna in the eastern Indonesian archipelago. The original wild clove tree from the Moluccas does not produce a eugenol-containing essential oil at all. This wild tree still grows in the islands among plantations of cultivated trees. The cultivation of clove trees is at least 2000 years old.
Clove Bud Oil is the largest of the essential oils produced from “stable” material which is brought to European or American distilleries thousands of miles from the areas where the cloves grow. No clove bud oil is produced in the clove growing areas. Madagascar, Zanzibar or Comoro clove buds are used for the distillation. Amboyna clove buds are usually sold as the highest grade of the whole spice. The yield of essential oil by water distillation of the clove buds is about 15%. Up toc20% of the world production of clove buds is used for distillation, but the figure fluctuates with the immediate cost of the cloves. The clove buds are comminuted prior to distillation. During the water distillation of clove buds, certain materials are formed in the essential oil which do not exist in the clove bud in natura, e.g. Caryophyllene and possibly other sesquiterpenes. The same happens during steam distillation, but not during a low-temperature hydrocarbon-extraction of the buds. If the cloves are steam distilled, hydroIysis takes place, and most of the natural acetyl eugenol (aceteugenol) is converted to eugenol. Since this hydrolysis takes place only to a minor degree during water distillation, the latter method is accordingly preferred. Water distilled clove bud oil has a very high content of “total eugenol” (usually over 92%), but a substantial part of this is aceteugenol (10 to 15) which is partly responsible for the characteristic odor of clove bud oil. The quality of a clove oil can not be judged by the eugenol content of the oil (unless the oil is purchased for the purpose of isolating eugenol). Trace amounts of lower aliphatic ketones lend this oil a peculiar fruity-fresh topnote, and a touch of an acetic odor makes it quite refreshing and distinctly different from clove stem oil which.
Clove Bud Oil is used extensively in flavors in a large variety of food products: spice blends, seasonings, pickles, canned meat, baked goods, powdercakes, ready-made mixes etc. Due to its well-known antiseptic effect, the oil finds its way into numerous mouth washes, gargles, dentifrices and pharmaceutical and dental preparations. Candy, particularly chewing gum, is also flavored with clove bud oil in combination with other essential oils. The suggested use level for a high- grade clove bud oil is 1.00 to 3.00 mg”, while the Minimum Perceptible is 0.15 to 0.30 mg. Wide variations in the figores for the use level must be expected according to the specific use of the oil in each case. The annual world production of clove bud oil fluctuates according to the price of the buds 300 to 500 tons has been the annual output in recent years. This corresponds to 2100 to 3500 metric tons of clove buds distilled, or: 10 to 15 percent of the annual clove budproduction.